The hip joint consists of a ball-and-socket structure, where the socket is part of the pelvis and the ball is the upper end of the femur. This ball and socket are coated in cartilage, which facilitates smooth movement. Additionally, a thin layer of tissue called the synovial membrane covers the cartilage, providing lubrication and ensuring proper function.

Conditions like arthritis, osteonecrosis, or severe fractures can harm the cartilage and bone in the hip joint. When cartilage wears down, the bones may begin to grind against each other, leading to pain and restricted movement.

In total hip replacement surgery, surgeons remove the damaged bone and cartilage from the hip joint and replace them with artificial components.

Although the actual hip replacement surgery may last just an hour, the entire process, including pre- and post-operative steps, can extend to several hours.

After the surgery, a dedicated team will assist with your recovery, including managing any pain you might experience.

Typically, a hospital stay isn't necessary overnight. If your care team assesses that you can perform certain movements (like standing, walking, or climbing a few steps) while keeping your blood pressure stable and are able to empty your bladder, you can usually go home within six to 12 hours after the surgery.

However, patients with conditions like heart disease or kidney failure, as well as those who have difficulty emptying their bladder, may need to stay longer for additional monitoring.

All surgeries, including hip replacement, involve some level of risk. However, this procedure has been performed since the early 1960s, and advancements over the years have made it a common and effective option for alleviating pain and enhancing mobility.

Before the surgery, your orthopedic surgeon will review potential risks with you. These may include the possibility of infection at the surgical site or around the implant, hip dislocations, differences in leg length, loosening of the artificial joint, or blood clots. You will also receive guidance on recognizing signs of potential post-surgical complications and how to address them.

Patients can typically expect to move around their homes without pain or the need for walking aids after about 4 to 6 weeks. Beyond that, the time needed for complete recovery varies from person to person. Some individuals may heal very quickly, within a month or two, while others might take up to six months to regain their pre-surgery activity levels.

The lifespan of a hip replacement can differ based on several factors, including the type of implant, the patient’s activity level, and overall health. Typically, hip replacements last between 15 to 20 years. However, thanks to advancements in technology and materials, some implants are designed to last even longer.

Preparing for total hip replacement surgery involves working closely with your care team. Here are some important considerations before your procedure:

- Discuss with your orthopedic team to set realistic expectations for the surgery and recovery process.

- If you smoke, quit. This will enhance safety during surgery and promote better healing.

- If needed, work on losing weight. Reducing excess weight can facilitate a quicker recovery and lessen strain on the new hip joint.

In the days following surgery, mobility will be more challenging. To make things easier, prepare your home in advance:

- Seek help from friends or family for household tasks.

- Prepare meals ahead of time and stock up on easy-to-cook food items.

- Arrange transportation to and from the hospital.

Like any surgery, hip replacement surgery carries some risk of complications, though these are generally uncommon. The most frequent complication is the formation of blood clots. To help prevent clots in your leg veins, your orthopedic surgeon may recommend various measures, which could include special compression stockings, inflatable leg wraps, and blood-thinning medications.